A Certificate of Origin (COO) is an essential document in international trade. Issued by the exporter, it verifies that a product was manufactured in a specific country. The COO also includes details about the product, its destination, and the exporting country. Many international trade agreements require this document to determine whether goods qualify for import and what duties apply.
Is a Certificate of Origin Mandatory?
Yes, a COO is mandatory. Customs officials require it as a separate document from the commercial invoice and packing list. The COO must be:
- Signed by the exporter
- Notarized
- Endorsed by the local chamber of commerce
In some cases, Customs may also request additional verification from a specific chamber of commerce.
While some countries have flexible COO requirements, others impose strict regulations, requiring specific formats, third-party certifications, and other conditions. The COO is presented to Customs at the destination to confirm the country of origin. If a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) exists between the countries, the COO can lead to lower import duties.
For example, Free Trade Agreements between the United States and other countries often require additional proof of origin. Customs authorities can confirm whether goods qualify for preferential duty rates, such as under the USMCA (United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement).
How to Obtain a Certificate of Origin
- Complete and notarize the required affidavit
- Provide a Manufacturer’s Invoice or Commercial Invoice showing the place of manufacture
- Fill out a Certificate of Origin form
- Submit the notarized affidavit, COO form, and invoices to your local chamber of commerce for stamping. Be sure to specify which documents need authentication